@article {vormstein-schneider_viral_2020,
	title = {Viral manipulation of functionally distinct interneurons in mice, non-human primates and humans.},
	journal = {Nature neuroscience},
	volume = {23},
	number = {12},
	year = {2020},
	pages = {1629{\textendash}1636},
	abstract = {Recent success in identifying gene-regulatory elements in the context of recombinant adeno-associated virus vectors has enabled cell-type-restricted gene expression. However, within the cerebral cortex these tools are largely limited to broad classes of neurons. To overcome this limitation, we developed a strategy that led to the identification of multiple new enhancers to target functionally distinct neuronal subtypes. By investigating the regulatory landscape of the disease gene Scn1a, we discovered enhancers selective for parvalbumin (PV) and vasoactive intestinal peptide-expressing interneurons. Demonstrating the functional utility of these elements, we show that the PV-specific enhancer allowed for the selective targeting and manipulation of these neurons across vertebrate species, including humans. Finally, we demonstrate that our selection method is generalizable and characterizes additional PV-specific enhancers with exquisite specificity within distinct brain regions. Altogether, these viral tools can be used for cell-type-specific circuit manipulation and hold considerable promise for use in therapeutic interventions.},
	keywords = {Animals, Callithrix, Cerebral Cortex/cytology, Dependovirus/*genetics, Female, Genetic Vectors/*genetics, Humans, Inbred C57BL, Interneurons/*physiology, Macaca mulatta, Mice, NAV1.1 Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel/genetics, Neurons, Parvalbumins/physiology, Rats, Species Specificity, Sprague-Dawley, Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide/physiology},
	issn = {1546-1726 1097-6256},
	doi = {10.1038/s41593-020-0692-9},
	author = {Vormstein-Schneider, Douglas and Lin, Jessica D. and Pelkey, Kenneth A. and Chittajallu, Ramesh and Guo, Baolin and Arias-Garcia, Mario A. and Allaway, Kathryn and Sakopoulos, Sofia and Schneider, Gates and Stevenson, Olivia and Vergara, Josselyn and Sharma, Jitendra and Zhang, Qiangge and Franken, Tom P. and Jared Smith and Ibrahim, Leena A. and M Astro, Kevin J. and Sabri, Ehsan and Huang, Shuhan and Favuzzi, Emilia and Burbridge, Timothy and Xu, Qing and Guo, Lihua and Vogel, Ian and Vanessa Sanchez and Saldi, Giuseppe A. and Gorissen, Bram L. and Yuan, Xiaoqing and Zaghloul, Kareem A. and Devinsky, Orrin and Bernardo L. Sabatini and Batista-Brito, Renata and Reynolds, John and Feng, Guoping and Zhanyan Fu and McBain, Chris J. and Fishell, Gord and Dimidschstein, Jordane}
}
